DNA
Biotechnology: Introduction to Gel Electrophoresis Go to: http://www.classzone.com/cz/books/bio_07/resources/htmls/virtual_labs/virtualLabs.html
Explore: Define the following/Describe what is it used for:
* Agarose Gel: Agarose Gel is a material which is used in biochemistry and biotechnology for gel electrophoresis and size rejected in chromatography; these are methods of organizing huge molecules by their size and electrical charge. These processes use agarose get to isolate and study proteins and DNA.
* DNA Markers: DNA Markers is a gene or DNA order with a known place on a chromosome that can be used to find individuals or species.
* Digested DNA Samples: Digested DNA Samples is a process used in molecular biology to prepare DNA for examination.
* Electrophoresis Chamber: Electrophoresis Chamber is when gel is placed into it, which then connects to a power source. Once the electric current is useful, the larger molecules move more slow than usual through the gel while the smaller molecules move faster. The different sized molecules make separate bands on the gel.
* Power Supply: Power Supply is a device that supplies electric power to an electrical capacity.
* Bromophenol Blue: Bromophenol Blue is a dye used as an acid-base pointer.
* TBE Buffer: TBE, also known as Tris/Borate/EDTA, is a buffer key holding a mixture of Tris base, boric acid and EDTA.
* Gel Staining Tray: Gel Staining Tray is what holds the agarose gel after being separated.
* Ethidium Bromide: Ethidium Bromide is an inserting agent usually used as a fluorescent tag (nucleic acid stain) in molecular biology laboratories for methods like agarose gel electrophoresis.
* Micropipette: A micropipette is a very fine pipette for measuring, moving, or injecting very small amounts of liquid.
* Pipette Tips: Pipette Tips are used for the transfer of dye or DNA samples and a clean tip is always used for every different solution to avoid contamination.
* Deionized Water: Deionized Water is water that has numerous of its layers removed through distillation.
* UV Light Box: UV Light Box is used to help read DNA marks on the gel that has been stained by the ethidium bromide.
Procedure:
Step #1: Explain how comparing DNA Fingerprints can help identify a person who has committed a crime
Go through the steps #2-11
Record the BASICS of each step below:
Step #12: Questions
1: Evaluate: Does the DNA found on the hair sample match suspect #1 or suspect #2? How do you know?The DNA on the hair sample matches suspect #2 because the DNA from suspect #2 matches the exact same DNA sample of the hair.
2: Analyze: Why do a series of bands appear on the gel?
A series of bands appear on the gel because the DNA negative charge is getting pulled to the positive charge of the electrophoresis tray, which makes the DNA cross the gel leaving behind tracks.
3: Identify Cause: Why is the largest DNA fragment band found closest to the well in which it was placed?
The largest DNA band is found closest to the the wells because the larger the DNA fragment within the gel the longer it takes to travel through the gel, while the shorter DNA fragments moves more quickly through the gel.
4: Infer: What is true of the DNA fragment band closest to the positive end of the gel?
The fragment is smaller than the ones closer to the negative end of the gel, which makes them move and travel faster and towards the positive end of the gel.
5: Predict: What would happen if the electrodes were plugged into the wrong outlets?
If the electrodes were plugged into the wrong outlets the DNA in the wells will go the opposite direction, which will be backwards not forward.
6: Apply: Why is DNA fingerprinting more conclusive when proving a person’s innocence rather than their guilt?
Fingerprinting is more conclusive for a person's innocence because its actual physical evidence that the person that committed the crime was actually their and left a print of their actual finger which is different from anybody's else and no one has the same fingerprint, everyones is different.
Explore: Define the following/Describe what is it used for:
* Agarose Gel: Agarose Gel is a material which is used in biochemistry and biotechnology for gel electrophoresis and size rejected in chromatography; these are methods of organizing huge molecules by their size and electrical charge. These processes use agarose get to isolate and study proteins and DNA.
* DNA Markers: DNA Markers is a gene or DNA order with a known place on a chromosome that can be used to find individuals or species.
* Digested DNA Samples: Digested DNA Samples is a process used in molecular biology to prepare DNA for examination.
* Electrophoresis Chamber: Electrophoresis Chamber is when gel is placed into it, which then connects to a power source. Once the electric current is useful, the larger molecules move more slow than usual through the gel while the smaller molecules move faster. The different sized molecules make separate bands on the gel.
* Power Supply: Power Supply is a device that supplies electric power to an electrical capacity.
* Bromophenol Blue: Bromophenol Blue is a dye used as an acid-base pointer.
* TBE Buffer: TBE, also known as Tris/Borate/EDTA, is a buffer key holding a mixture of Tris base, boric acid and EDTA.
* Gel Staining Tray: Gel Staining Tray is what holds the agarose gel after being separated.
* Ethidium Bromide: Ethidium Bromide is an inserting agent usually used as a fluorescent tag (nucleic acid stain) in molecular biology laboratories for methods like agarose gel electrophoresis.
* Micropipette: A micropipette is a very fine pipette for measuring, moving, or injecting very small amounts of liquid.
* Pipette Tips: Pipette Tips are used for the transfer of dye or DNA samples and a clean tip is always used for every different solution to avoid contamination.
* Deionized Water: Deionized Water is water that has numerous of its layers removed through distillation.
* UV Light Box: UV Light Box is used to help read DNA marks on the gel that has been stained by the ethidium bromide.
Procedure:
Step #1: Explain how comparing DNA Fingerprints can help identify a person who has committed a crime
Go through the steps #2-11
Record the BASICS of each step below:
Step #12: Questions
1: Evaluate: Does the DNA found on the hair sample match suspect #1 or suspect #2? How do you know?The DNA on the hair sample matches suspect #2 because the DNA from suspect #2 matches the exact same DNA sample of the hair.
2: Analyze: Why do a series of bands appear on the gel?
A series of bands appear on the gel because the DNA negative charge is getting pulled to the positive charge of the electrophoresis tray, which makes the DNA cross the gel leaving behind tracks.
3: Identify Cause: Why is the largest DNA fragment band found closest to the well in which it was placed?
The largest DNA band is found closest to the the wells because the larger the DNA fragment within the gel the longer it takes to travel through the gel, while the shorter DNA fragments moves more quickly through the gel.
4: Infer: What is true of the DNA fragment band closest to the positive end of the gel?
The fragment is smaller than the ones closer to the negative end of the gel, which makes them move and travel faster and towards the positive end of the gel.
5: Predict: What would happen if the electrodes were plugged into the wrong outlets?
If the electrodes were plugged into the wrong outlets the DNA in the wells will go the opposite direction, which will be backwards not forward.
6: Apply: Why is DNA fingerprinting more conclusive when proving a person’s innocence rather than their guilt?
Fingerprinting is more conclusive for a person's innocence because its actual physical evidence that the person that committed the crime was actually their and left a print of their actual finger which is different from anybody's else and no one has the same fingerprint, everyones is different.