Restriction Endonucleases
Restriction Endonucleases are enzymes that cleave to DNA at a specific necleotide sequences. The sequences has been seen to be 4-6 inches long. One end of the necleotide is complementary to the ones at the other end of the sequences. Two of the DNA strands have the same nucleotide sequence running in opposite directions. The restriction endonucleases bind to and cleave both strands of the DNA molecule. The DNA strands are anti parallel, the cut sites are offset from each other. Each DNA fragment has a single-stranded end a few nucletides long and the single-stranded ends of the two fragments are complementary to each other. The two single-stranded ends can be connected together. The two fragments can be joined together with the enzyme DNA ligase. This re-forms the phosphodiester bonds of DNA. Any two fragments of DNA produced by the same restriction endonuclease can be connected together. They are fundamental tools in genetic engineering.
This is a picture of myself holding a sample of DNA that I made. DNA is the material in humans and all other organisms. DNA can also be called deoxyribonucleic acid. All cells in a human beings body has DNA. Their DNA holds information that conceals the complete set of the process that requires to assemble, maintain, and reproduce every living organism. If us humans and other living organisms didn't have DNA there would be no cell division what so ever. Without cell division, there would be no growth.